Term Paper Proposal on Parthenon

Paper Proposal Name of Student Class, date & civilise Subject Tentative title ARC 2701 History of Architecture I On-line Class Spring 2013 Florida International University The Parthenon, Iktinos and Kallilrates, Athens, Greece, 447 432 B. C. E. The Architectural Perfection of The Parthenon comment The Parthenon has the re designateation of being the most perfect Doric synagogue of all time built. And by looking at it with the naked eye, one could most certainly agree.A closer look at the Parthenons body social organisation and proportions reveals that there is not a single straight line within the temple that underage fact alone is what sparked my interest in this topic. The genius architects truly issue did themselves with the clever use of opthalmic refinements to create a structure that truly resembled perfection. This section will examine the architectural uses of entasis and the various other methods of optical trickery present in the Parthenon.The skillful approach at these methods by the architects is responsible for the aesthetic perfection of the structure. In addition, I will search the geometric irregularity that starts at the base, or stylobate of the structure and is a joint theme carried on throughout the Parthenon. The temple begins with a foundation that is totally of rectangular origin and more resembles a dome shaped floor. I will continue to explore the slight adaptions made by Iktinos and Kallikrates to move on perfect the internal structure of the temple.These adaptions include small details of change column diameter and spacing due to the positioning and lighting of the columns in reference to the structure. These minute modifications and illusions created by the architects were able to keep the Parthenons structure seemingly perfect regardless of the time of day, or angle the structure was being viewed from. Lastly, I will explore even more elusive features that truly awe the minds of admirers. These include the specific positioning of corner columns with platforms set about to the ground than those in the middle.Along with examination of the columns out on the peristyle as they atomic number 18 tapered and slightly curved towards the top giving viewers an range where the columns seem thicker and swollen towards the roof, seeming as if the columns are distressed just by supporting the massive weight of the roof. These perfect imperfections and optical illusions put into place by Iktinos and Kallicrates are what make the Parthenon the pinnacle of Greek temple architecture.Bibliography Darling, Janina K. Architecture of Greece. Westport, Conn Greenwood Press, 2004. Dinsmoor, William B, and William J. Anderson. The Architecture of Ancient Greece An Account of Its Historic Development. capital of the United Kingdom Batsford, 1950. Lawrence, A W. Greek Architecture. Harmondsworth, Middlesex Penguin Books, 1967. Rhodes, Robin F. Architecture and Meaning on the Athenian Acropolis. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Ethics Chapter 1 Quiz

Appendix 2 Instructions Click on the box in front of your selected answer. When completed, save and post as an attachment. 1. Which experimental condition is employ to tinge to a subjugate crowd whose members have significantly less halt or power over their own lives than the members of a dominant convocation have over theirs? a. minority pigeonholing b. absolute majority group c. differentiate group d. companionable group 2. In sociological terms, a majority is the same as a a. numerical minority. b. numerical majority. c. dominant group. d. subordinate group. 3. Members of a minority or subordinate group . generally adopt outside their group. b. become a part of the group voluntarily. c. are political equals of the majority group. d. share physical or kindlyal characteristics that differ from the majority group. 4. All of the following are processes that may create subordinate groups moreover a. immigration b. extermination c. annexation d. colonialism 5. Which term is used by sociologists to key a group that is lop apart from others because of obvious physical differences? a. social group b. ethnical group c. racial group d. formal group 6.Which of the following is considered a racial group? a. Puerto Ricans b. Jews c. African Americans d. all of these 7. The U. S. has used skin color as the standard for endurecourse designation with a. both categories Black and White. b. an elaborate system describing various combinations of skin color, facial features, and pig texture. c. a continuum of most Black to most White. d. a focus on cultural differences. 8. Which term is used to describe a group that is set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns? a. ocial group b. ethnic group c. racial group d. formal group 9. Ethnicity refers to a. racial differences. b. differences in physical and mental characteristics. c. cultural differences. d. citizenship. 10. Which of the following is considered a n ethnic group? a. Puerto Ricans b. Irish Americans c. Mexican Americans d. all of these 11. Which of the following is NOT considered an ethnic group? a. Puerto Ricans. b. Italian Americans. c. Muslims. d. Polish Americans. 12. African American sociologist W. E. B. DuBois said in 1900 that the centurys major problem would be . class differences. b. the color-line. c. wars. d. destitution and disease. 13. Subordinate groups include a. Roman Catholics. b. women. c. deaf deal. d. all of these 14. The concept of race is a. determined by blood type. b. predicated by skin shade increments. c. biologically based on catchingally isolated groups. d. socially constructed. 15. Races can be clearly distinguished on the basis of a. skin color. b. blood type. c. genetic resistance to malaria. d. none of these 16. Traditional IQ tests tend to be bleached against a. lower-class people. b. rural residents. . racial minorities. d. all of these 17. The hierarchical system for self-possession of w ealth, prestige, or power is called a. ethnic groups. b. stratification. c. age. d. functionalism. 18. Which of the following theoretical spatial relations tends to emphasize how the aggregate parts of society are structured to maintain its stability? a. fighting theory b. functionalist theory c. macrosociological theory d. labeling theory 19. Which of the following perspectives on race and ethnicity tends to emphasize group tensions between the privileged and the exploited? a. onflict b. macrosociology c. microsociology d. functionalist 20. The conflict perspective emphasizes a. social change. b. the redistribution of resources. c. the exploitation of minorities by dominant groups. d. all of these 21. Exaggerated generalizations almost the characteristics of members of a group that do not recognize individual differences at heart the group are known as a. stereotypes. b. pluralities. c. scapegoats. d. self-fulfilling prophecies. 22. Stereotypes are applied to a. gamblers. b. l esbians. c. people with disabilities. d. all of these 23.In certain situations, we may respond to stereotypes and act on them, with the result that false definitions become accurate. This is known as the a. functionalist theory. b. exploitation theory. c. self-fulfilling prophecy. d. tyrannous personality 24. The formation of a subordinate-group-dominant-group relationship emerges through a. annexation. b. colonialism. c. migration. d. all of these 25. Which term refers to the physical separation of two groups of people in terms of residence, workplace, and social functions? a. assimilation b. amalgamation c. segregation d. pluralism

Governmen assistance programs

Thousands of peck rely on these services chance(a), without these chopines for some daily life is not possible. I for one oppose these organisation assist programs and agree with the declarement Welf atomic number 18 has wrick a system that creates colony and is a crutch for which individuals never aspire to do better. Food Stamps differently known as Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP). It is a federal aid program, administered by the U. S. subdivision of Agriculture.SNAP is the largest nutrition assistance program and is estimated to eave served more than 40 million showtime income Americans per year. The program started in 1939 imputable to unmarketable food surpluses and widespread unemployment. I take Food Stamps are being abused in our society by approximately, and have become a free pass for Junk food, I think the government should stop funding it. WICK was created in 1974 as a repartee to the realization that hunger and poverty were widespread in this country and that undermanned nutrition poses a real threat to the human body.The program is aimed at low-income pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and infants and children under the age of five. WICK started in 1968 when physicians described to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare and the USDA that young women, often pregnant, came to their clinics with various ailments that were caused by a lack of food. The doctors would prescribe needed foods, with the prescription acting as a sort of food voucher. I imagine WICK keeps low Income families stable and should continue being funded. unexclusive Housing Is lodging administered by federal, state and local agencies to provide subsidized assistance for low-income households. According to Wisped Permanent, federally funded alky came Into being In the United States as a part of Franklin Roosevelt invigorated Deal. Title II, Section 202 of the National Industrial Recovery Act, passed June 16, 1933, directed the Public Works Administration (PAW) to develop a program for the construction, reconstruction, alteration, or pertain under public regulation or control of low-cost lodgment and slum-clearance projects . However most of current-day public houses or projects have degenerated Into areas of poverty. I believe that public housing needs to be updated because of this reason. As according to Businesslike. Com most republicans agree that governmental orgasm should stop being funded such as Food Stamps. They adopt the program Isnt tax-friendly. Democrats claim The programs help vulnerable people at a time when It Is troublesome to find Jobs and feed families.Nonetheless I think these federal programs should stop being funded because they create a dependence and some waste taxpayer dollars, however I think there should be cheaper, and more thought- through alternatives that actually solve peoples problems or help to an end without the programs being taken advantage of. Government assistance progr ams By playfellows the prescription acting as a sort of food voucher. I believe WICK keeps low income families stable and should continue being funded.Public Housing is housing low-income households. According to Wisped Permanent, federally funded housing came into being in the United States as a part of Franklin Roosevelt New public houses or projects have degenerated into areas of poverty. I believe that As according to Businesslike. Com most republicans agree that governmental isnt tax-friendly. Democrats claim The programs help vulnerable people at a time when it is difficult to find Jobs and feed families. Nonetheless I think these federal

Income Smoothing

Journal of Economics, Business and Accountancy Ventura Accreditation no(prenominal) 110/DIKTI/Kep/2009 Volume 14, No. 1, April 2011, pages 59 78 THE theoretic CONSTRUCTION OF INCOME SMOOTHING MEASUREMENT Alwan Sri Kustono Jember University E-Mail emailprotected com Tegal Besar Permai 2-E1,Jember,Propinsi Jawa Timur,Ind angiotensin-converting enzymesia pinch The income smoothing is a dimension of the accounts employment theme that has been a ttracting a long attention in the account statement belles-lettres. A goal of manipulation widely as cribed to managers is the desire to smooth.Reported income, Income smoothing reflects reducing the possible income fluctuations so as to come to it as stable as possible throughout the ism. Almost of income smoothing interrogation in Indonesia apply Eckels baron to clasify smo another(prenominal)(a) non smoother firms. falsifiable evidences yield provided suffer for the domain of an income smoothing behavior. The studies showed in compatible about factors determining this smoothing. The draw a bead on of the present investigation is twofold. First, we seek to determine if Eckel index is a received creature to whole step income smoothing behavior.Second, we pretend to identify the new(a) musical instrument to measure incidence of income smoothing. Our research sample comprises manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, over effect of 1999-2008. This study confirms Eckels index is not reliability instru ment. The new proposed index quantifies the incidence of income smoothing without depend on n periods. The results imply that researchers should re-examine the shutdown of previous studies, particularly that determinant, factors and effect of income smoothing figures. Key words income smoothing, Eckels index, c oefficient of variation, reliability.INTRODUCTION It has been noticed that income statement is considered as one of the statements to be presented in fiscal reporting. For th at reason, the accompanys earning is considered vital information for it dirty dog be used to measure the corporate performance. In other words, information of the earning can be used to assess the performance or accountability of focal point and too predict the ability of companies in the effort of contri only ifing to the following earning. In general, earning reporting is frequently not free from the chronicle manipulation. Yet it appears assorted from the fraudulence.Accounting manipulation can be still in tolerant when it is grade in the accounting rules. In contrast, fraudulence practices tend to be against the rules and accounting standards. Thus, it is delicately different from income smoothing. In fact, one 59 of the practices of accounting manipulation is income smoothing. In connection with the pursuit of analyzing income smoothing in the companies, some definitions of it can be inferred. First of all, income smoothing is defined as the emphasis on the fluctuations in income levels that atomic number 18 considered normal for the company (Barnea et al. 1976). For another thing, Beidleman, (1973) defines income smoothing as the management efforts to cast down abnormal variations in the earning to the extent permitted by the principles of good management and accounting. Income smoothing in much(prenominal) instances, is as a tool used by management to reduce the variability of reported income stream relative to the target which is intentionally change surface by using artificial or realistic variable. In addition, income smoothing is analog manipulation of accounts that attract the atten- ISSN 2087-3735 The Theoretical Construction (Alwan Sri Kustono) ion of many accounting literature in the realm of earnings management. Beside, income smoothing reflects the concern to reduce the possibility of fluctuations in income by making a steady flow Research on income smoothing in Indonesia generally examine several factors which are allegedly t o travel management to do income smoothing. They identify the existence of such practices and followed by interrogatory management motivation. The results of these studies wealthy person identified those most public companies in Indonesia have conducted income smoothing. All in all, most of the studies are uniform in hurt of inferring he end results. Testing the triggering factor of income smoothing policy by the company management has not consistently been recovered. Among the results of such studies are often inconsistent to one another. For example, Kustono (2010) stated that the inconsistency of their findings was caused by the criterion devices. These devices are vox populi to be unreliable. For example, Index Eckel does not have the ability to capture the practice of income smoothing between periods. In that situation, it shows that some companies are class by evaluate only in one particular socio-economic class.This is considered to have deviated from the definition of income smoothing. The compartmentalization based on Eckel index for one company may as well as change because of changes in the period used to determine the coefficient of variation. Change of smorgasbord shows that the index is not reliable as a tool. In other words, Eckel is as an identifier of smoothing and not merely for smoothing. Kustono (2010) asserted the idea of the need for new instruments. This research is intended to correct weaknesses of the Eckel and construct an index measuring instrument which is more reliable income smoothing factor.This construction is very important because the use of measuring instrument error will cause errors either in the anatomy of conclusions related to the classification of sample or the determinants and impact of such classification. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK It is a fact that income smoothing becomes a phenomenon which has been often proved in some previous studies. This practice has been investigated through various levels of different samples. Furthermore, income smoothing is considered to be an important factor. Research by Moses (1987) and Atik & Sensoy (2005) shows that at least 60% of he sample used in the study can be classified as smoothing the company earnings. Another proponent, such as Barnea et al. (1976) classified accounting income smoothing as inter-temporal smoothing and classification. Inter-temporal smoothing is based on the situation when embody and expenses are recognise and smoothing classification is done with the classification under ordinary cost and marvelous one in which the ordinary post finally becomes flat. Eckel (1981) distinguishes between income smoothing as a natural smoothing and intended smoothing. Natural smoothing is he alignments resulting from transactions that inherently produce a smoothed earning. In other words, the companys operations to translate income by collecting revenues and expenses are inherently to eliminate fluctuations in income flows. In other words, the p rocess of generating income itself generates a stream of smoothed income. Alignment occurs without the hitch of any party. Income smoothing is accidentally triggered by the motivation which is based on the management actions. There are two types of income smoothing intentional, that is income smoothing of the real intention nd the other one is artificial income smoothing. Real income smoothing indicates management actions that seek to control sparing conditions that directly affect corporate earnings in the proximo. In addition, this real income smoothing affects cash flow. On the contrary, artificial income smoothing can show manipulation which is undertaken by management to smooth the earning. Thus, the action of this manipulation resulted in a important or economic condition that can affect cash flow, but shifts 60 Journal of Economics, Business and Accountancy Ventura Accreditation No. 10/DIKTI/Kep/2009 the cost and/or income from one period to another. By taking for granted , such a make out can be traced from several research. Some studies, in fact, have been conducted to identify the smoothing behavior, such as motivation and its impact on future transactions, a company that has been doing income smoothing. This can also be found in other studies such as (Lev & Kunitzky, 1974 Ammihud et al. , 1983, Wang & Williams, 1994 Michelson et al. , 1995 Iniguez & Poveda, 2004). These proponents also provide empirical support toward statement that management reduces he variability of cash flows and earning for the purpose of minimizing the jeopardy of the company. Income smoothing is also intended to increase the value of the firm (Gordon, 1964 Trueman & Titman, 1988 Gibbins et al. , 1990 and Chaney & Lewis, 1995 1998). Estimator of Income smoothing Income smoothing can only be investigated through some periods by suspecting a original earning rate of the targeted, e. g. , both highand low-digits earning reports. Some researchers use a two-period model by as suming that the earning target is proportional to the income report in the previous year Copeland, 1968). In other words, the size of alignment is the magnitude of changes in the earning from one year to the next. Other researchers also evaluated the earning target using multi-period test. The underlying presumption is that it should be an evenly increasing trend (Gordon, 1966). Some of the models used are the exponential model (Dascher and Malcolm, 1970), one-dimensional time series models (Barefield and Comiskey, 1972), time trend semi-logaritma (Beidleman, 1973) and model of the market return index (Ronen & Sadan, 1975). For example, Dopuch & Watts (1972) suggest the use ofBox-Jenkins techniques to insure the alignment model is applicable. Models of earning target are differentiated from the real earning. Often, these models require errors inherent profit target 61 Volume 14, No. 1, April 2011, pages 59 78 because its validity can not be detected empirically. In that case, R onen & Sadan (1975) suggested that we do income smoothing approach. In particular, income smoothing can be identified if the researcher is confront by the following four questions. 1. What is the object alignment implemented by the management? 2. What is the dimension of management s used to perform smoothing. 3. What instrument of smoothing is used by management 4. What is the object of such smoothing behavior? In connection with the supra efforts, Imhoff (1977) and Eckel (1981) developed a methodology based on testing the variability of income associated with the variability of flagrant revenue. The model used to predict the existence of income smoothing or earnings variation is inter-period variant. They assume that the level of earning depends on the level of sales. The basic idea is that the change in sales can affect the earning. If the variance of income is less than the variance f sales, it can be reason that the smoothing has been done. Eckel (1981) model of the income smo othing is done by basing on the following premises. 1. Income is a linear function of the sales = sales-cost variable-fixed cost. 2. The ratio of variable costs to sales is in constant currency units 3. Fixed costs are constant or increasing from period to period, but not likely to decline. 4. Gross sales can only be smoothed by real smoothing gross sales can not be artificially smoothed. Mathematically, Eckel illustrates all the above as the following when, I=S-VS-FC, and FC0, and FC t+1 =FC t, and 0

Decaying of Ideology in Modern China

Although Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Though (MLM) still serves as the ideology which the muckles Republic of china (PRC) adhere to, these asseverate-controlled doctrines no prolonged serve inspirational purposes to the Chinese commie fellowship (CCP) and atomic number 18 viewed as an ideological vacuum. mainland Chinas attempt to cook a rapid growing economy to support the effectiveness of the communist regime has contradicted the Communist ideology and has thus created a reverse effect. It is authoritative that Chinese citizens permit grown increasingly a form _or_ constitution of organisation-making in the authorized era due to the exposure to market economy and Western influences.This unseas atomic number 53d environment prompts the public to adopt individualism and neglect Communist ideologies such as collectivism. As Deng Xiao hit and many other scholars blamed the powerless governmental development as the major cause of this phenomenon, the assertion remain debatable. CCP now faces a challenge where it has to redefine its political ideology maculation fitting the socialistic regime in the context of socialist goodness economy. The CCPs attempt to reconcile its capitalist practices with socialist predilectionl results a dilemma.As uncertainties lay in the future of the Chinese political environment, this reputation evaluates the failure of The Communist partys normative authority, and distinguishes possible alternatives and solutions. one of the main reasons for the failure of the propaganda scheme is that the value which the Party tries to promote grossly contrasted with the actual social condition. While the Party urges the public to embrace the idea of collectivism, and serving the people, it fails to justify how socialist morality is compatible with market competition.Jurgen Habermans has labeled this dilemma as rationality crisis, caused by the disjunction in the midst of trustworthy practices and the original ideo logical tenets upon which the regime was founded. Although CCP recognizes the need for combating moral dis rove and launched the socialist spiritual civilization (SSC) campaign in 1997, the accomplishment is diminutive. It is obvious that political study in China is heavily emphasized, where political elements be interconnected in every curriculum, from kindergarten to university.However, the program is ineffective since these principles are non applicable in the social environment. As a result, students see no purpose in these materials except to know them well so they could obtain a decent academic record and remain competitive in the argument market. Furthermore, heretofore fellowship functionaries no longer take ideological spurt seriously, and few are pursuanceed in this specialty as a career. The character of legitimation crisis has also surfaced besides the presence of rationality crisis. legalization crisis is a discrepancy between the need for motives declared by the state and the motivation supplied by socio-cultural establishment. As harmonious monastic order (hexie shehui) and scientific growing continues to serve as current watchwords for CCP, they appears to be oxymoronic. The concept of harmonious society is drawn upon Confucius values, whereas the concept of scientific development aroused mainly from Deng Xiao Ping Theory, which is an emphasis on stinting stableness.The rationality and legitimation crisis which CCP now encounters grass be explained in terms of the antinomy between rationality and reasonableness, or between scientism and moralism. This antinomy seems to be the around visible obstacle and the most controversial policy of Chinese education. Another critical argument for CCPs decaying normative authority is the corruption of government officials and therefore creating a devastating effect on the Partys goal on rebuilding moral order.Since the sixteenth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, more than 100 minster - and provincial-level officials were sentenced for corruption, an unprecedented number, jibe to statistics released by the Supreme Procuratorate. In 2005, 47,206 officials were disciplined-punished by Chinese supervision agencies. Consequently, the uncontrollable widespread of corruption among government officials brings public to think that education system is hypocritical and therefore, unpersuasive.In a survey conducted in the state enterprises of Shenyang, one of Chinas largest industrial cities, 71% of respondents agreed that moral education should be directed primarily at the high- and middle- ranking cadres rather than at ordinary people. In order to overhaul the Communist Ideology, the Party use inspirational projects incorporating patriotic education and Confucianism. Chinas patriotic education was design for two purposes. One is to combat Western influences and scrap is to action unified thinking (tongyi sixiang).To a certain extent, the program was successful, pa rticular(a)ly in unified thinking. Although the Party is unable to eliminate all Western influences and the give-and-take of information, the general public has increasingly learnt to praises and adapt to traditional Chinese culture. The party has utilized Confucianism value by describing Confucianism as a positive wedge that could consolidate the Chinese nation and foster socialist spiritual civilization. Accordingly, most of the Chinese families today follow Confucians teachings and the value of Confucianism is already deeply rooted in the society.Through the post-1989 Patriotic Education, the regimen has provided Chinas new generations with patriots. In Chinas education system, children are taught that Chinas misery was imposed by Western countries, and acknowledge themselves as nationalists and bound to become fenqing. Furthermore, although young generations are no longer interested in the concept of ideology, CCP has little problems finding new members as we prat see th at during the last five years, three-quarters of those who flocked to join were under thirty-five. This is not only a result of patriotism exactly also fall in the Party could provide opportunities and benefits.On the other hand, the increasing population of nationalist does not imply legitimating the governments policy and authorities. By placing the party and the center of the official discourse the state-centered view of nationalism restricts the extent to which the Party-state corporation mobilize nationalist symbolism in support of its leadership and nonplus the Party vulnerable to criticism from more popular conceptions of nationalism. June fourth crackdown and the event of Chinese liberalism are the result of nationalism.Besides from implementing propaganda program to strengthen Communist Ideology, new ideas have also formed in the Chinese political platform. Ideas such as new left, new conservativeor evenliberalism are introduced. The newfangled Leftism is in oppositi on to capitalism and Chinese economic reforms and in favor of the restoration of the Maoist-style socialism. New leftists appeal to social prejudice like corruption and the interest of low class people became particular popular in 2009.Furthermore, it addresses the problem of the disparity between rich and poor. The New leftists guarantee the welfare of the countrys 800 million peasants left pot the recent change. Alternatively, if China is to take on the advice of the New Leftist, it would create an abundant wave of withdraws in the form of foreign investments due to the economic uncertainty, which would necessarily destroy Chinas new emerging market. And the collapse of the Chinese economy would make it impossible for the Party to provide welfare for the poor.In that sense, the New Left ideas do not generate common interest between the public and the Partys ideology. On the contrary, the New Conservatives, or Neo-Conservatives, holds that modernization is a gradual process (i ncrementalism), and that, during this process, traditional values, the existing order and an disdainful government are necessary to maintain social stability and ensure a successful social transformation. It also distinguishes itself from traditional conservatism by accentuating modern transformation and accelerates economic development.The Neo-Conservatives tries to develop a mannikin characterized by economic growth under an authoritarian political order. This crossbreeding Ideology that retained Marxism-Leninism ideals and Dengs goal to achieve modernization enabled Jiang to decriminalise the Party and ensure its survival. Consequently, Jiang has balanced centralism (elements of the Mao Era) and capitalistic-orientated economic policies (which are elements of the Deng Era) and achieve new census. Besides from the ideas that were discussed above, liberalism is another concept which has derived from the June 4th incident of 1989.The collapse of Communism in the former Sovie t alliance and eastern Europe provided an opportunity for Chinese liberals to deeply reflect on the illusion of socialist democracy. The Chinese liberals advocate the abandon of one Party rule and call for multi-party elections to increase competition and limiting the power of the government. scorn hard suppression of democracy and liberal ideas by the Chinese party-state, and partly due to this suppression, liberalism and the quest for human rights have been on the rise and achieved a level of sophistication in China since the late 1990s.Even though the idea of liberalism is not irrelevant to Chinas political future, the system would be impossible to impose under a peaceful transition. Ultimately, China would have to construct a new political stance that ensures government power but also provide economic prosperity. China would have to undergo gradual transition from Communism to Authoritarian Capitalism, for instance the Peoples Action Party (PAP) in Singapore. Under such poli tical system, there is a large degree of economic freedom but tight control in terms of social freedom.Although there are negative comments on Singapores authoritarian capitalism, such as ones that were made by Christopher Lingle, his arguments are debatable. He claimed that Singapores authoritarian rule has led to the politicization of commerce, the distribution of economic and commercial privileges to trusted political supporters, stifling the emergence of home-grown entrepreneurs. On the other hand, statistics has proven him wrong. Singapore is the second most economically free country according to 2011 Index of economic Freedom.Furthermore, its government spending in terms of GDP is among the lowest in the world (14. 5%), according to information from The World Factbook. And as we open fire see, the Chinese government is actually taking such transition, and characters of capitalism can be found in increasingly free trade. Several universities claimed that neat powers like Ch ina and Russian, with authoritarian state capitalist regimes could pose a viable rival model.

Playscript

This purview starts in Brians bedroom on a Saturday morning. He has just got taboo of bed and Susie, his sister, is calling him down for breakfast.Brian talking to himself) Ohhhhhh. Yes Tomorrow, we ar going to the game park.Susie shouting) Brian, come down Breakfast is ready(Brian stomps down the stairs into the dine room where he meets Susie. They both sit down at the table.)Brian I cant wait to go to the adventure park tomorrow.Susie What Mom said we are going to the Science Museum.Brian No way Im going to some poor fish Museum. I want some excitement.Susie The museum is nice and educational. We can visualise a lot.Brian (losing his temper) dont we learn enough at school already?Susie What we learn at school is just the basic things. At the Science Museum we can learn many fascinating things slightly our world.Brian Well, Im not so fascinated. I would kind of have fun.Susie Learning about the world we live in is fun.Brian We already know about the world we live in. It is called the earth and it is in the learn of a sphere.Susie Brian. There is so much to a greater extent to learn about the earth than just the name and the shape.Brian Well we can learn more about the earth another era because I have been delay too long for this to let this opportunity pass me by.Susie No, we cant The Science Museum is law of closure this week. We have to see it tomorrow or we will never get to see it.Brian (In a sarcastic voice) well, thats just a shame. We will be missing it so much.Susie (hugging Brian) Please. Cant you just delay your adventure trip this time?Brian Oh Alright but just this time.Susie Thanks Brian. Youre a great brother.

Great Gatsby and Socio-Economical World of America Essay

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is not just a overbold rather it is the repre displaceation of an era. The storey is astir(predicate) the moral decay that arouses in the Ameri great deal society in 1920s. It to a fault lay downs the image of the Ameri empennage dream getting corrupted by lust, greed and empty hunt of pleasure. In different words it was the hit of subcultures. The wealthinessy and elite class found pleasure by throwing indulgent expoundies and playing wild spiel music. On the other hand, the member of set class was seduced by the dabbler lifestyle of the overflowing.Jay Gatsby was almostwhat a deep whizz as battalion k raw(a) truly little ab unwrap his face-to-face life. We finally find that Gatsby was involved in sorry activities to win his heart felt Daisys attention. On the surface, The Great Gatsby is a composition of unrequited cheat. The unfermented is based on the themes of love, r take downge, desire for specie and the suicide . But a attentive analysis of the impudent reveals that its major theme encompasses a much larger, less(prenominal) romantic scope.Through this novel, Fitzgerald has tried to portray a real prove of American society of 1920s. The story is set in the neighborhood of considerable Island, New York. In this novel, we also find a reflection of decline of American dream which was ab egress moral values and involvement of success. The desire of American dream emerged in the Colonial period and it was based on the perception that success can be achieved by any individual, no matter what complaisant position he possesses. What matters is his personal skills, hard pull in and efforts.A prototypical 1920s man has been set forth by the root Roland Marchand in his book in the following words Not besides did he flourish in the fast-paced, modern urban milieu of skyscrapers, taxicabs, and pleasure- peckking crowds, plainly he proclaimed himself an expert on the latest crazes in fashio n, present-day(a) lingo, and popular pastimes. We find that Marchands definition is quite similar to the characters of Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald has presented the era of 1920s as the one in which social and moral values were weak and a moral decay ensued in American society.It was, in fact, an era which was marked by reckless pursuit of pleasure, amoral quest for notes and certain lustful desires. The protagonist of this novel, Jay Gatsby is a wealthy, shady man residing in a black letter mansion in westside orb. He is fond of throwing lavish parties every Saturday night. The sole purpose freighter these ostentatious parties was the gaudy display of wealth. Most of the people who joined those parties, so far didnt know anything about Gatsby.They just deprivationed to be the part of such lavish parties so they could enjoy expensive wines and loud jazz music along with delicious foods. It is important to mention here that the loss of the Eighteenth Ame ndment in 1919, which banned the sale of alcohol, created a booming the pits designed to satisfy the huge demand for bootleg liquor among rich and misfortunate alike. In that period, people started to make fortunes through the punishable assembly line of liquor. Such a championship do people rich nightlong and turned them into millionaires.Besides, the World War I ended in 1918, and the junior Americans, who had fought in the war, became highly disillusioned as the exactlycheries and the brutalities which they had witnessed in the war made their ideas about Victorian morality quite vague and blurred. Another feel of that particular era was the abrupt rise of stock market that resulted in the increase in national wealth and thus the phenomenon of materialism emerged. tribe started spending their newlyfound money in getting luxuries of life and they felt satiated by the gaudy display of their wealth.The narrator of the novel, Nick Carraway is a young man who has studied in Yale and accordingly moves to New York. He becomes the neighbor of Jay Gatsby, who is famous for his idealistic parties and lives in a rare Gothic mansion as described by Nick, It was the factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a stain swimming pool and more than fifty acres of lawn and garden. (pg 4) gradually they became friends and later on, Nick finds out that Gatsby has meeted his wealth through criminal activities.Gatsby tries to become the part of naturalized nobility by attaining material wealth including a grand mansion, several servants and numerous automobiles. But he unchanging wants the reassurance that whether all his efforts of money making have the desired impression or not. As on one occasion, he understands to Nick, My house looks well, doesnt it? He demanded. See how the substantial front of it catches the light. (pg68). As Scott Donaldson mentions in his artic le, The culture of exercise on exhibit in The Great Gatsby was made possible by the growth of a leisure class in early-twentieth-century America.As the ovel demonstrates, this reading subverted the foundations of the Protestant ethic, replacing the values of hard lend and thrifty continence with a show of luxury and idleness. It means that the phenomenon of becoming rich overnight and acquiring sudden wealth made the Americans idle and thus the at a time appreciated values of hard work and self reliance were replaced by the newly emerged trends of leisure and the pursuit of pleasure. This is why, much emphasis has been laid on the corruption of American dream as it was about hard work and personal efforts barely it vanished gradually with the newly found wealth.Jay Gatsby madly loves a pretty damsel, Daisy Buchanan who is an eastern Egger. She is Nicks cousin too. Here, it is important to substantiate in mind that the West Egg, where Gatsby and Nick live is a stem to newly rich people. On the other hand, due east Egg represents the established aristocracy. Gatsby wanted to win Daisys love also be pee-pee she belonged to the established aristocracy and having her at his side would make him acceptable to that particular part of society. As Ray E. Canterbery states in his article, Jay Gatsby wants to live with Daisy Buchanan because she is a member of the established American aristocracy of wealth.Gatsby lacks the maturity to realize that Daisy cannot be obtained by money only and in a vulgar display of conspicuous consumption, he flaunts his nouveau wealth. age reading the novel, one clearly finds out that the particular era mentioned in the book was marked by boundless greed, self satisfaction, infidelity and selfishness. Daisys husband, tomcat Buchanan has an affair with a woman named Myrtle, whose husband is very poor and owns a worn out garage. tom turkey claims that he is in love with Myrtle notwithstanding it was in fact, anything but love. On one occasion, we moot that he treats his mistress very inhumanely as is mentioned in the novel Some time toward midnight tom turkey Buchanan and Mrs. Wilson stood face to face discussing, in impassioned voices, whether Mrs. Wilson had any right to mention Daisys name. Daisy Daisy Daisy shouted Mrs. Wilson. Ill say it whenever I want to Daisy Daisy Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan skint her nose with his open hand. (pg27) As it is mentioned earlier that East and West Egg were different from each other in foothold of their habitants, their ways of living.Their architecture and their tastes were also quite different from each other as the East Eggers were more refined and cultured whereas West Egg was the home of somewhat pretentious, gaudy people. Gatsby, himself was fond of throwing lavish parties as described in the book On weekends his (Gatsbys) Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between baseball club in the morning and long past m idnight. Every Friday crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruitier in New York every Monday these equivalent oranges and lemons remaining his fannydoor in a profit of pulp less halves.On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-doeuvre, spiced baked hams move against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold. (pg29) In order to become acceptable for the East Eggers or the established ones, Gatsby wears gaudy dresses and has a collection of several big, huge cars. On one occasion, Tom makes fun of Gatsbys car by calling it a funfair Wagon. But one thing was common among both (West and East Eggers) of them. They were lustful and pretentious. Jay Gatsby was, however, different in a sense that he very loved Daisy.He waited for her five long years and didnt bury her for even a single moment. He bought a mansion in West Egg so that Daisy could know about him as his opulent parties bore quite fame. When he met Daisy, he became ve ry happy and contended but he also wanted her to leave Tom Buchanan for good. He waited whole night outside Daisys window, just to make sure that Tom wouldnt hurt her. He loved her so deeply and profoundly that when Daisy mistakenly massacreed Myrtle by crushing her under the car, Gatsby was erect to take this as his own mistake.As we see that when Nick inquires Gatsby about this incident he utter, Well, I tried to swing the wheel He broke off, and suddenly I (Nick) guessed the truth. Was Daisy driving? Yes, He said after(prenominal) a moment, but of course Ill say I was. (pg110) On the other hand, we find that Daisy, despite Gatsbys love and care, is still multiform and double minded. She doesnt want to leave Tom Buchanan, nor could she live without her new found -once -lost -love. She, before her husband, admits that she doesnt love him but after sometime, changes her mind.Oh, you want too much she cried to Gatsby. I love you now isnt that becoming? I cant help whats pas t. She began to sob helplessly. I did love him once but I loved you too. (pg101) On the same occasion, she said, Even alone I cant say that I never loved Tom, she admitted in a pitiful voice. It wouldnt be true. (pg102) Thus it is clear that Daisy is absolutely indecisive as she couldnt go under that whom she wants to live with. Besides, she cared very little about Gatsbys feeling and didnt give him the love he deserved.Daisys selfishness is also shown on other occasion when on Gatsbys arrival, she treats her own daughter Pammy in such a manner that clearly lacks the love and warmth of a mother. As mentioned in the novel, The churl, relinquished by the nurse, rushed across the room and root shyly into her mothers dress. This shows that the little girl was reluctant to go to her mother as she was not aware of a mothers affection. Gatsby had never really known of the existence of Daisys child, as Daisy was belike afraid to tell him about her. subsequentlyward he kept looking at the child in surprise.Daisy uses the child as a show item I got dressed before luncheon said the child, move eagerly towards Daisy. Thats because your mother wanted to show you off replies Daisy. When the child speaks to Daisy, Daisy never answers or replies to her. She invariably changes the subject as if she doesnt even notice the childs presence. For example, when the girl comments Jordans dress, Daisy ignores her and asks her what she thinks about her friends aunt Jordans got on a white dress too, said the child.How do you like mothers friends? Daisy turned her around so that she faced Gatsby. Do you think they are pretty? After this skeleton introduction, Daisy asks the nurse to take the child back. (pg89). This very superficial nature of hers became the cause of her lovers pitiful expiry. Both Tom and Daisy were selfish, mean and careless as both of them became the cause of their lovers terminations. As mentioned in the novel, They were careless people Tom and Dais y. They smashed up things and creatures and then(prenominal) retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness or whatever it was that kept them unneurotic and let other people clean up the mess they had made. (pg139).Interestingly, automobiles also have a significant part in the demise of many of the characters. The 1920s American culture was the one in which the phenomena of automobiles emerged. With the arrival of sudden wealth, people started to buy cars as they also became one of the status symbols. An American President said in 1925, We will root out mendicancy and put two cars in every garage. Jay Gatsby also had five cars, one of which hits Myrtle and results in her unfortunate death. Myrtles death then leads to the death of poor Gatsby and her own husband, George.It is what OMeara calls as a death car. She writes, The automobile is a symbol that Fitzgerald uses to accomplish several different ends. After the death of Gatsby, Nick Carraway goes to Meyer Wolfsh eim, the infamous gambler and swindler and tries to find out the actual origin of Gatsbys wealth. He asks him, Did you start him in business? Wolfsheim replies Start him I made him, and continues I raised him up out of nothing, right out of the gutter. I saw right away he was a fine appearing gentlemanly young man and when he told me he was at Oggsford, I knew I could use him good.We were so fatheaded like that in everything, he held up two bulbous fingers always together. (pg132) This conversation reveals that Gatsby was once a poor, unprivileged fellow and despite all his attempts, he couldnt fit in with the old, established aristocracy. After the sad demise of Jay Gatsby, Nick tried to inform Gatsbys friends about his death but it was ironic that no close friend or relative came to date the funeral. The man, who was always surrounded by different people and whose parties people urgently wanted to attend, was now all alone.Since he was of no use now, everybody left him and nev er looked back at the time they had spent with that poor, unlucky chap. At the same occasion, Nick Carraway received a call from one of Gatsbys friends. It was Mr. Klipspringer. When he told Nick, about himself, Nick felt a bit fulfill and thought that at least there is someone who cares about Gatsby. The funerals tomorrow, I (Nick) said. Three oclock, here at the house. I wishing youd tell anybody whod be interested. Oh, I will, he broke out hastily.Of course Im not likely to see anybody, but if I do. His tone made me suspicious. Of course youll be there yourself. Well, Ill certainly try. What I called up about was a pair of shoes I left there. I wonder if itd be too much trouble to have the butler pass around them on. You see, they are tennis shoes, and Im sort of helpless without them. My make out is care of B. F. I didnt hear rest of the name, because I hung up the receiver. (pg130, 131) This reveals that how selfish and mean those people were. They used to gather around G atsby like the moths around a candle, but when that candle stop spreading its light, all of them turned away.At funeral procession, Nick Carraway tries to remember the deceased person man and thought about his life for a while. This scene is very skillfully portrayed by Fitzgerald in the following words I tried to think about Gatsby then for a moment, but he was already too far away, and I could only remember, without resentment, that Daisy hadnt sent a message or a flower. Dimly I hear someone murmur, Blessed are the dead that the rain falls on, and then the owl eyed man said Amen to that, in a stout voice. We straggled down quickly through the rain to the cars.Owl eyes rung to me by the gate. I couldnt get to the house, he remarked. Neither could anybody else. Go on He started. Why, my God They used to go there by the hundreds. He took off the glasses and wiped them again, outside and in. The poor son- of -a -bitch, he said. (pg135) The story of The Great Gatsby spirals into tragedy as the book progresses with a succession of events love, revenge, murder and then suicide. There is a moral judgment involved in the process of reading such a story.Besides, Fitzgeralds work can be compared to that of the British author Thomas Hardy as he too dared to examine themes that Victorian society brushed under the cover namely sexual desire and obsession. Eventually, the materialism, empty pursuit of pleasure, big cars and grand mansions along with the Prohibition movement resulted in the emergence of class sputter among the rich and poor. Both of them started finding means of making money and didnt pay attention towards the fact that whether those means are justified or not. A new perception emerged, according to which money brings happiness.But this didnt happen in the case of Gatsby. All of his money, earned through illegal means was fruitless as it couldnt bring Daisy closer to him. We see that The Great Gatsby is the story of shattered dreams i. e. both Ameri can and Gatsbys dream. In Fitzgeralds point of view, the American dream was about individualism, discovery and the pursuit of happiness. Whereas, Gatsbys dream was to get his long lost love back but unfortunately, both the dreams got shattered in the end. We can say that this novel is an account of possibilities that can be generated through wealth and the irresponsibility that can ultimately ruin them.The story gives us a strong lesson that accruement of wealth doesnt always mean the attainment of real happiness. currency and riches are necessary to live a good life, but they, of course, dont guarantee joy and success in life. The picture of American society drawn in The Great Gatsby can be compared to the present day American society. We can see that todays American society face the similar issues and suffers from the similar ailments e. g. materialism, desire of money and the hollow pursuit of pleasure.

Mental Disorder and Mental Health Problems Essay

This unit of measurement aims to provide the prentice with knowledge of the of import forms of rational wellness problems according to the psychiatric potpourri ashes. Learners also consider the strengths and limitations of this stupefy and look at alternative frameworks for understanding amiable suffering. The focus of the unit is on understanding the different ways in which moral wellness problems feign on the individual and others in their social net. It also considers the benefits of archaeozoic intervention in promoting moral health and well-being. Credit Level 3 3 Assessment criteria The learner can 1.1 Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system image disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, substance-related disorders, eating disorders, cognitive disorders 1.2 pardon the call strengths and limitations of the psychiatric classification systemsee morepsychiatric (dsm/ icd) classification system1.3 inform two alternative frameworks for understanding mental distress 1.4 Explain how mental ill health may be indicated finished an individuals emotions, thinking and behaviour 2. Know the feign of mental ill health on individuals and others in their social network 2.1 Explain how individuals experience discrimination due to misinformation, assumptions and stereotypes about mental ill health 2.2 Explain how mental ill health may have an impact on the individual including a. psychological and emotional b. practical and financial c. the impact of using work d. social exclusion e. positive impactsLearning outcomes The learner will 1. Know the main forms of mental ill health2.3 Explain how mental ill health may have an impact on those in the individuals familial, social or work network including a. psychological and emotional b. practical and financial c. the impact of using services d. social exclusion e. positive impacts 2.4 Explain the benefits of ear ly intervention in promoting an individuals mental health and well-beingNotes for GuidanceIn learning outcome 1, assessment criterion 1, learners are asked to describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system. Learners should demonstrate knowledge of how types of mental health are categorised by their main signs and symptoms and how the system attempts to draw a line between mental health and mental disorder. Learners do not need to demonstrate little knowledge of each form of disorder within each category.

Estimation Of GFR Kidney Disease Health And Social Care Essay

AbstractionBackgroundPurpose of our position was to happen appear correlation amongst estimated Glomerular Filtration cast ( eGFR ) by Modification of victuals in Renal Disease ( MDRD ) convention and eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) comparabilitys, in patients with chronic kidney unhealthiness ( CKD ) , and to see whether they can be used interchangeably.MethodWe conducted a cross subdivision survey of 70 patients presented to the nephrology clinic alone over a level of one twelvemonth. We equalityd the eGFR by these two sorts in pentad phases of CKD. Abbreviated 4 multivariate MDRD reflection was used.ConsequenceMDRD consequences were expressed in ml/ instant/1.73m2 and CG consequences in ml/ moute of arc. Age scope was 15 79 old ages Male 49 % , Female 51 % . The correlativity ( R ) between eGFR by MDRD and eGFR by CG for CKD stages 1 to 5 was 0.64 0.31 0.32 0.67 and 0.45 sever in ally. The correlativity ( R ) between creatinine dynamic headroom by 24 hr peeing collecting to eGFR by MDRD manner was 0.84 ( P 0.001 ) and to eGFR by CG cheek was and 0.79 ( P 0.001 ) .DecisionWe leave off that Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) equivalence correlates best with MDRD expression at CKD phase 4 followed by phase one. Cockcroft-Gault expression underestimated eGFR in phases 1, 2 and 3. We speculate that standardization of Cockcroft-Gault equating to the constitutional structure go on country of.73m2 will farther fail the correlativity but will di minish its utility on be intimate side. . There is a demand of a big graduated control panel population based survey to formalize our consequences.Index WORDSMDRD, Cockcroft-Gault, Chronic kidney indispositionIntroductionAlteration of food in Renal Disease ( MDRD ) and Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) equalitys are the to the highest degree common methods of approximation of Glomerular Filtration Rate ( GFR ) . Both formulas depend upon serum Creatinine to grass GFR. Creatinine headway measuring utilizin g 24 hours urine collection is mostly abandoned in favour of the MDRD and CG expressions. It is chiefly because of the familial troubles in absolute aggregation of 24 hours urine.Cockcroft-Gault expression remained the most common method of bedside appraisal of GFR. It requires weight in add-on to age but static is really easy to practice without a reckoner or figuring machine.This advantage of CG expression is maintaining it resilient in spite the of rapid popularity of MDRD expression. Numerous surveies are done to compare these two equations in assorted scenes. However the information from Asia particularly from Pakistan is unsheathed 1 .Purpose of our survey was to happen out correlativity between the two equations in patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) and to see whether they can be used interchangeably.MethodsWe conducted a cross subdivision survey of 70 patients presented to the nephrology clinic of a third attention infirmary in Karachi Pakistan over a per iod of 1 twelvemonth from January 2006 to December 2006. Aim of our survey was to happen out correlativity between estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ( eGFR ) by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease ( MDRD ) and eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) equations in patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) and to see whether they can be used interchangeably.Age scope was 15 79 old ages. Male were 49 % , female were 51 % . Patients with not bad(p) nephritic failure were excluded. All the patients in the survey were divided into fivesome groups harmonizing to the kidney disease outcome quality enterprise ( KDOQI ) categorization of chronic kidney disease as follows Group 1 GFR & gt 90 Group 2 GFR 90 60 Group 3 GFR 30 59 Group 4 GFR 15 29 and group 5 GFR & lt 15 ml/ min/1.73m2.Abbreviated four variable MDRD expression was used.to estimated GFR ( ml/min per 1.73 M2 ) utilizing the equation186 x serum creatinine ( mg/dl ) -1.154 x ( age ) -0.203 x ( 0.742 if female ) . Estimated GFR utilizing the CG equation ml/min ) was calculated as follows ( cxl age ) ten ( weight in kilogram ) /serum creatinine ( mg/dl ) x 72 ten ( 0.85 if female ) . Measured creatinine dynamic headroom was calculated by 24 hr urine aggregation and utilizing the expression creatinine elimination ( mg/kg per twenty-four hours ) divided by serum creatinine ( mg/dl ) divided by 14.4 ( min/d per dl/ml ) . Data was analyzed utilizing SPSS package.ConsequencesMDRD consequences were expressed in ml/min/1.73m2 and CG consequences in ml/min. Mean GFR by MDRD expression for CKD stages 1 to 5 was 111A30, 77A24, 39A9, 21A6 and 13A4 severally. Mean GFR by Cockcroft-Gault equation for CKD phase 1 to 5 was 119A28, 78A13, 43A7, 23A3 and 12A2 severally ( table 1 ) . The correlativity coefficient ( R ) between eGFR by MDRD and eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault for CKD phases 1-5 was 0.64 0.31 0.32 0.67 and 0.45 severally ( table 2 ) .Mean and average eGFR by MDRD was 48A40 and 32 ( 58-7 ) severally for all patients. Mean and average eGFR by Cockcroft-Gault was 52A42 and 36 ( 197-7 ) severally for all patients ( table 3 ) .The Cockcroft-Gault equation correlated best with MDRD expression at CKD phase four followed by the phase one. The eGFR by MDRD was lesser as coincidence to by CG, in phases 1, 2 and 3.The creatinine clearance by 24 urine aggregation was correlated to the eGFR by MDRD expression. The R value was 0.84 with p value of 0.001. Similarly the creatinine clearance by 24 urine aggregation was correlated to the eGFR by CG expression. The R value was 0.79 with p value of 0.001. ( mesa 4 )DiscussionAccurate measuring of GFR in chronic kidney disease can non be overemphasized. It is particularly of upshot when GFR reaches near phase 3 and 4. The of import goal like doing AV fistulous withers and induction of nephritic replacement therapy are taken at this clip.There were more than eight expressions introduced to gauge GFR but merely two viz. Cockcroft-Gault ( CG ) and MDRD got the credence by the aesculapian community. The CG linguistic rule was proposed every numeral early as 1976 2 . Because of its repose and bedside usage, it was readily accepted by the doctors. The CG expression enjoyed this monopoly till the MDRD equation was introduced in 1999 3 .Twenty four hr urine aggregation for Creatinine clearance measuring is non method of pick because of several booby traps. The most of import being the 24 hr urine aggregation is frequently non accurate. In add-on the serum creatinine remains within normal scope in early phases of CKD due to increased cannular secernment ensuing in overestimate of GFR.Using Inulin clearance to mensurate GFR is really cumbrous and non unimaginative for everyday clinical pattern. Alternatively, the radioactive and non-radioactive based markers e.g. Iothalamate, Iohexol, DTPA and EDTA are used. The isotope based GFR measurings are thought to be the most accurate but they are pricey and non available in many resea rch labs. Therefore their public-service corporation is imprisoned practically to research. They are used as a gilded cadence to formalize the truth of eGFR by MDRD or CG equations. In our survey we still used the traditional 24 hr urine aggregation to compute creatinine clearance. We were really peculiar and thorough in giving the direction to the patients. The unafraid correlativity of 24 hr creatinine clearance to eGFR by CG every bit advanced as MDRD expression goes in favour of our premise that urine aggregation was accurate.MDRD survey equation originally required six variables viz. serum Creatinine, Serum Albumin, Serum urea Nitrogen, Gender, Age and Race. Later a simpler four variable equation was proposed and is considered to be a good as six variable equation 3 . This brief MDRD equation requires Serum Creatinine, Age, Gender and Race merely. It does non necessitate Serum Albumin and Serum Urea Nitrogen. The usage of standardised serum creatinine in re-expressed 4 v ariable MDRD expression improves the truth 4, 5 . Surveies have shown that accommodation for organic structure surface country improves the truth of Cockcroft-Gault expression 6,7 . The demand of this simpler four variable MDRD equation raised due to trouble of utilizing 6 variable equation on bedside. However still its chief drawback remains the demand of a computing machine.There are a figure of surveies comparing the MDRD to CG expression with variable consequences. Following is the reappraisal of some of import surveies.MDRD equation provides indifferent and fair accurate estimations across broad scope of subgroups when GFR is less than 60 ( CKD period 3, 4 & A 5 ) 8 . They besides proved to be dependable for followup in CKD patients in longitudinal surveies 9 .MDRD equation performed better than CG equation in CKD, when GFR was less than 60 ml/min/ 1.73 M2. On the other manus CG equation performed better in kempt kidney givers 10 . CG expression was less precise t han MDRD equation in most instances with average GFR of 59.8 ml/ min/ 1.73 M2s 11 .In another survey appraisal of GFR in older patients with CKD and average GFR of 53 ml/ min/ 1.73 m2. , the CG Formula was more precise than MDR Formula 12 . In diabetic patients MDRD every bit good as CG expression correlated good with isotopic GFR measurings, but MDRD equation turned-out to be more accurate 13 .In ill hospitalized patients the public presentation of MDRD and CG equation was compared, utilizing Iodine iothalamate as a control. MDRD equation performed better 14 . MDRD Formula as comparison to CG expression underestimates GFR in healthy persons 15 .MDRD expression was more accurate than CG expression in ESRD patients. However MDRD expression underestimated GFR when inulin clearance was more than 8 ml/min/1.73 M2 and overestimated GFR when inulin clearance was less than 8 ml/min/1.73 M2. On the other manus CG expression overestimated GFR when inulin clearance was less than 13 ml/mim/11.73 M2. 16 .In patients with CKD but normal serum creatinine, CG Formula was found to be more accurate than MDRD Formula. Measurement of GFR by endogenic and exogenic filtration markers might be the most prudent scheme 17 .DecisionWe conclude that CG Formula correlates with MDRD equation best at CKD stages 4 and overestimated GFR at phases 1, 2, 3. The two expressions may be used interchangeably at phase 4 & A 1. Measurement of 24 hr urine creatinine clearance may still be dependable if patients are counseled decently.Standardization of GFR for organic structure surface country of 1.73 m2.improves the truth of Cockcroft Gualt expression. We speculate that this in ward off will better its correlativity with MDRD expression. However we suspect that perplexing the Cockcroft Gualt expression by including the organic structure surface country in equation will diminish its utility on bed side.It is improbable that MDRD expression will replace Cockcroft Gualt expression in c linical medical pattern shortly because of its dependence upon a computing machine plan.

Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Expanding Indian Agriculture to Different Nations

MAHARASHTRA HYBRID SEEDS COMPANY limited 1 This is a pass harvest-home of survey look into and should non be copied T satisfactory OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary Maharashtra loanblend origins order modified 2. Maharashtra crossbred microbes confederacy holdage contrast Overview 2. 1. 2. 2. study Investments in the ships family culture 2. 3. Maharashtra crossing inseminates smart set restrict Organisational Structure 2. 4. 3. Corporate Timeline Business simulate of Maharashtra interbreeding inseminates club contain Maharashtra intercrossed Seeds political party express mail mathematical crossroad Portfolio . 1. 3. 2. battlefield do Seeds 3. 3. Oil Seeds 3. 4. 4. crossing cotton Vegetable Crop Seeds Maharashtra hybrid Seeds lodge modified pecuniary and evaluation Analysis 4. 1. paygrade Analysis and Financial Summery 5. Maharashtra crown of thorns Seeds caller-up expressage psychoanalyst Recommendations 6. Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Comp whatsoever special SWOT Analysis 7. Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Comp all limit Key Professionals 7. 1. 8. Management Profile Macro Analysis of Seed Industry 8. 1. Indian Hybrid Seed Industry commercializedize Size, FY2008-FY2012 8. 2.Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Segmentations, FY2012 8. 2. 1. 8. 3. By Type of Crops securities attention dowry of major Players in the Indian Hybrid Seed Industry, FY2012 8. 3. 1. By Hybrid Cotton 8. 3. 2. By Hybrid Field Crop Seed 8. 3. 3. By Hybrid Vegetable Crop Seed 2 This is a clear growth of passel Research and should not be copied 9. Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company hold in Competitive Analysis 9. 1. By Products Offered/ revenue/ Business Strategy 10. Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company peculiar(a) Management Outlook and Future Projections 10. 1. 11.Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company circumscribed Future Projection Appendix 11. 1. Market Definitions 11. 2. Abbreviations 11. 3. Research methodology 11. 4. Disclaimer 3 This is a licensed carrefour of lot Research and should not be copied L IST OF FIGURES flesh 1 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company especial(a) Corporate Timeline 1964-2013 Figure 2 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company restrain Organizational Structure Figure 3 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Business Model Figure 4 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Product Portfolio Figure Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Financial implementation on the basis of grosss and EBIT in INR Crore, FY2008-FY2012 Figure 6 India Hybrid Seed Industry Market Size and Contribution in the Overall Indian Seed Market on the priming of Revenue in INR Crore and percentage, FY2008-FY2012 Figure 7 India Hybrid Seed Industry Segmentation on the lemon yellowerstone of Contribution in the Overall Hybrid Seed Industry in Percentage, FY2012 Figure 8 Market Share of Major Players in Indian Hybrid Seed Market on the priming of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY2012Figure 9 Market Share of Major Players in Indi an Hybrid Cotton Seed Segment on the rump of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY2012 Figure 10 Market Share of Major Players in Indian Hybrid Corn Seed Segment on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY2012 Figure 11 Market Share of Major Players in Indian Pearl Millet Seed Segment on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY2012 Figure 12 Market Share of Major Players in Indian Paddy Seed Segment on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY2012Figure 13 Market Share of Major Players in Indian Vegetable Seed Segment on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY2012 Figure 14 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Future Projections on the Basis of Revenues and EBIT in INR Crore and Percentage, FY2013-FY2017 Figure 15 Non-linear Regression Analysis and Scatter Chart ground upon Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Market size, FY2008-FY2012 4 This is a licensed product of lot Research and should not be copied L IST OF TABLES put back 1 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Financial Summary on the Basis of Revenue, Growth and EBIT Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, FY2008-FY2012 prorogue 2 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Major Investments in Company Evaluation on the Basis Deal Type, Stake, Deal Value and Implied Enterprise Value in INR Crore Table 3 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Products Offered in Hybrid Cotton Seeds on the Basis of Different Zones in India Table 4 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Products Offered on the basis of Different Field Crop SeedsTable 5 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Products Offered on the Basis of Different Oil Seeds Table 6 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Products Offered on the Basis of Vegetable Crop Seeds Table 7 Company Comparables on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY2008-LTM year outcome thirty-first celestial latitude 2012 Table 8 Company Comparable Analysis on the Basis of Market Capitalization, Net Debt and Ent erprise Value and Valuation Multiples in INR Crore and Multiples, LTM 31 st December 2012 Table 9 Relative Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Deal Value, Deal Stake and Multiples in INR Crore, Percentage and MultiplesTable 10 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Board of Directors Table 11 Company Comparables on the basis of Services Offered, Revenue and Business Strategies Table 12 Regression Coefficients of the Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Table 13 Regression Intercepts of the Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited 5 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied E XECUTIVE SUMMARY MAHARASHTRA HYBRID S EEDS COMPANY LIMITEDMaharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited likewise k right awayn as Mahyco, is a privately owned ships ships conjunction and is headquartered in Jalna, Maharashtra. Mahyco is among the largest hybrid seminal fluid down producers in India. The follow is entangled in the question and development, issue, merchandise ing and distribution of various hybrid seeds such as cotton seeds, field crops, vegetable crops and oil seeds. The friendship has a rash focus in the generation and distribution of hybrid cotton seeds in the Indian hybrid seed foodstuff.Key Differentiators ? ? ? ? More than 1,000,000 cultivators are involved in seed doing Competition and Positioning ? ? ? ? Leading position in the Indian hybrid cotton market Key Developments ? Worlds foremost connection to commercialize F1 hybrid cotton based on GMS/CMS system ? ? ? ? Financial Summary Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Financial Summary on the Basis of Revenue, Growth and EBIT Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, FY2008-FY2012 Particulars FY2008E FY2009 FY2010 FY2011FY2012 Revenue Growth% EBIT Profit% 6 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied C ORPORATE TIMELINE On 11th November 1964, the come with started its operation with the prime focus towards genetic inquiry of plant and yield of pola r varieties of seeds. In 1966, the caller-up started its first research and development middle(a) in India with an objective of develop in the buff products and increase its incursion in the Indian seed market. In 2013, Performance Plant Inc. nd Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited have entered into a license agreement Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Corporate Timeline 1964-2013 M AHARASHTRA HYBRID SEEDS COMPANY LIMITED O RGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE The company has 9 processing centers across the province situated at Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh with annual seed processing capacity of over quintal in these 9 centers 7 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedMaharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Organizational Structure B USINESS MODEL OF MAHARASHTRA HYBRID SEEDS COMPANY L IMITED Business cycle of the company starts with the procurement of input supplies for research and development departments. Input supplies are the principal driver for the production of new and better hybrid seed products After harvesting of seeds, the company transfers these seeds to processing centers for provided processing and quality testing 8 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedOnce the products are finished and jam-packed the company distributes these products to diametrical distributors across the nation Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Business Model M AHARASHTRA HYBRID SEEDS COMPANY LIMITED P RODUCT PORTFOLIO The company has a product portfolio of more(prenominal) than hybrid products in different crop species offering hybrid cotton, field crops, oilseeds and vegetables crops. The company offered types of hybrid cotton, types of field crops, types of oil seeds and different types of vegetable seeds verities. This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied The company is continuously focus ing on the research and developments of new products such as genetically modified (GM) rice, wheat, cauliflower, pigeon pea and okra Under the guidance of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India the company has been involved in different projects for the development of new products and new technologies and also the company has entered into various alliances with other institutionsMaharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Product Portfolio 10 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied M AHARASHTRA HYBRID SEEDS COMPANY LIMITED F INANCIAL AND VALUATION compendium V ALUATION ANALYSIS AND FINANCIAL SUMMERY Revenue of the company has shown a CAGR growth of % from FY2008-FY2012. The company has witnessed this growth due(p)(p) to constant development of new products and by mitigatements in its contemporary product portfolio. Mahyco has pent INR core in FY2011 on research and development as compare to INR crore in FY2010 which display case the compa nys interest to enhance the quality of its products In FY2011 and FY2012 the company has shown a shoreal growth of % and % respectively in revenues mainly due to increased competition in the hybrid cotton market As on thirty-first December 2012, Mahyco has been valued at INR crore on company comparables basis. The company has been valued at average revenue multiple of x of different publically listed seed companies in IndiaMaharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Financial Performance on the basis of Revenues and EBIT in INR Crore, FY2008-FY2012 700. 0 600. 0 500. 0 400. 0 300. 0 200. 0 100. 0 0. 0 FY2008 FY2009 Revenues FY2010E FY2011 FY2012 EBIT 11 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Company Comparables on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY2008-LTM year ending 31st December 2012 Revenue (in INR Crore) FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 LTM JK Agri Genetics Ltd. * Advanta India Limited** Monsanto India Ltd. Kaveri Seeds Company LimitedNath Seed s India Limited Company Comparable Analysis on the Basis of Market Capitalization, Net Debt and Enterprise Value and Valuation Multiples in INR Crore and Multiples, LTM 31st December 2012 (INR Crore, unless Stated) Company Last Twelve Months (LTM) Year Ending December 2012 Market Cap Net Debt Enterprise Value (EV) EV/Revenue EV/EBITDA P/E JK Agri Genetics Ltd. Advanta India Limited Monsanto India Ltd. Nath Seeds India Limited Kaveri Seeds Company Limited Mean Median 12 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedRelative Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Deal Value, Deal Stake and Multiples in INR Crore, Percentage and Multiples appointment Target Company Deal Type 21-Feb-13 R J Biotech Limited IPO 24-Nov-12 Century Seeds secluded Limited Inbound Acquisition 26-Jul-12 Advanta India Limited Inbound Acquisition 21-May-12 Bisco Bio Sciences Private Limited Inbound Acquisition 14-May-12 NaanDanJain Irrigation Limited domestic help Acquisition 24-Apr-12 Zero Wa ste Agro Organics Private Limited Domestic Acquisition 2-Apr-12 Super Agri Seeds Private Limited Private Equity pedigree Raise 5-Mar-12 GoldN ChicksLimited Inbound Acquisition 9-Dec-10 Metahellix Life Sciences Domestic Acquisition 7-Jan-08 Unicorn Seeds Limited Block Trade 22-Dec-07 Syngenta India Limited Inbound Acquisition 1-Jun-07 Golden Seeds Private Limited Deal Value INR (Cr) Stake % Implied EV/ Revenue Implied EV/ EBITDA Implied EV/ PAT Block Trade Mean Median 13 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied M ACRO ANALYSIS OF SEED INDUSTRY M ARKET SHARE OF major PLAYERS IN THE INDIAN HYBRID S EED INDUSTRY, FY2012 The Indian hybrid seed industry is dominated by Nuziveedu Seeds Private Limited.The company has a market share of % in the overall Indian hybrid seed industry followed by Mahyco and Monsanto India limited which have a share of % and % respectively For Monsanto India, corn hybrid seed was the single biggest focus in seed business. by means of its Project Golden Rays project the company has signed a public-private partnership with Rajasthan state government for increasing the maize hybrid yields by two folds Market Share of Major Players in Indian Hybrid Seed Market on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY2012Nuziveedu Seeds Private limited Maharashtra Hybrid Corporation (Mahyco) Monsanto India Limited (MIL) Rasi Seeds Private Limited Bayer Crop Science limited India Pioneer Seeds Syngenta India Ltd. Others 14 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied M AHARASHTRA HYBRID SEEDS COMPANY LIMITED M ANAGEMENT OUTLOOK AND FUTURE PROJECTIONS The company is planning to increase its focus on product portfolio of the company by increasing its expenditure on research and development.It is expected that the company leaveing increase in research and development expenditure from INR 55. 0 crore to INR 100. 0 crore per year in the next four years. These expenditures result have a dire ct impact on the companys revenues by deliverance new and in advance(p) products. Additionally, these research and development expenditures will also improve the quality of current product portfolio of the company which will lead to more cost efficient production process for the company. Due to this revenue of the company is expected to cross INR 2,000. crore till FY2017 as improvement in products of the company through research and development will generate positive notes flows in the future and will lead to amplification of companys revenues. It is expected that with the increase in revenues, operating margin of the company would also showcase an increasing trend. Additionally, Mahyco is planning to expand its operations in different nation specially neighbor countries of India by bringing new and innovative products so as to increase its penetration in the international seed market.M AHARASHTRA HYBRID SEEDS COMPANY LIMITED FUTURE P ROJECTION Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Li mited is expected to cover hybrid paddy seed market in different countries such as and . In FY2012 the company has already started its commercial production in these nations and expected to increase the commercial production of these products in future as well. This will increase the market penetration of the company in the international seed market and will pad the companys revenues.Additionally, the company is expected to diverse its focus towards the production of hybrid rice seeds in the Indian seed market. As of now hybrid rice is contributing only % of the companys overall revenues 15 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited is planning to introduce genetically modified (GM) seeds in food items in and . Introduction of these GM seeds will increase the companys revenues from the international seed market The company is expected to showcase a revenue growth at a CAGR of % from FY2012FY2017.Mahyco is focusing on the development of Bollgard-II roundup ready flex cotton (BGII RRF) EBIT margin of the company is expected to be little under pressure as the company is expected to spend substantial amount in research and developments. EBIT of the company is expected to grow at a CAGR of % from FY2012-FY2017 Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Company Limited Future Projections on the Basis of Revenues and EBIT in INR Crore and Percentage, FY2013-FY2017 2,500. 0 26. 0% 25. 0% 2,000. 0 1,500. 0 23. 0% 22. 0% 1,000. 0 in Percentage INR Crore 24. 0% 1. 0% 500. 0 20. 0% 0. 0 19. 0% FY2013 FY2014 Revenue FY2015 FY2016 FY2017 EBIT Margin 16 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied D ISCLAIMER The research reports provided by Ken Research are for the personal information of the authorized recipient and is not for public distribution and should not be reproduced or redistributed without earlier authority. You are permitted to print or download extracts from this material for your per sonal using up only. None of this material may be used for any commercial or public use.The information provided in the research documents is from publicly in stock(predicate) data and other sources, which are reliable. Efforts are made to try and train accuracy of data. With respect to documents available, neither the company nor any of its employees makes any warranty, express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, or assumes any juristic liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use will not infringe privately owned rights.The report also includes analysis and views expressed by our research team. The research reports are pu cuss for information purposes. The opinions expressed are our current opinions as of the date appearing in the material and may be subject to change from time to time without notice. In vestors should not solely rely on the information contained in the research documents and must make investiture decisions based on their own investment objectives, risk profile and financial position.The recipients of this material should take their own professional advice before acting on this information. Ken Research will not accept returns of reports once dispatched due to the confidentiality of information provided in our reports. In case, a report qualify for return, we will issue a credit, minus shipping charges, of equal value to the sea captain purchase price, toward a future purchase no refunds. The decision active whether the product return can be accepted or not is solely at our discretion.Any dispute will be subject to laws of India and scoop shovel jurisdiction of Indian Courts. No part of this manual or any material appearing may be reproduced, stored in or hereditary on any other Web site without written permission of Ken Research and any payments of a specifie d fee. Requests to republish any material may be sent to us. 17 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied

How Great Companies Think Differently Essay

This article highlights principles that guide companies employ to differentiate them from other companies that steering only on profits. These principal companies attempt to transcend the short-term bottom line mentality and comportment at social involvement that will produce seniority and bear on profits over the long haul. Part of making money in the long term is longevity, and the way to longevity is to build an enduring instauration. This is done through being more socially conscious and cookery for better quality of conduct for employees including a healthy work life balance, and to provide a meaningful life project for workers that build commonwealth and society. The point is to remain monetaryly viable for the long term because thats the best way to serve society, the employees, and consumers.Key Takeaways 1. Businesses must invest in employee empowerment and engagement, and must adopt the attitude that employees are interested in more than just a paycheck. Compani es must balance public interests with financial concerns, and attempt to improve the lives of consumers. Viewing the company as a societal institution and communicating a common purpose provides an identity for employees and helps nurture against uncertainty. A larger purpose and vision inspires employees to think bigger and beyond the four walls of the company.2. Business should have a light-headed, long term focus on a higher purpose than just financial achievement. This is achieved by investing in the human side of the organization. Listening to the interests of employees and possibly offer opportunities to pursue those under a sort of corporate sponsorship. Doing so should direct to deeper emotional connections to the company, which again supports longevity.3. Moods are contagious. Moods can transmit institutional values, enliven positive emotions about the company. It is therefore vital that leadership model the conduct that supports the long term corporate/social vision. If values are clear and well understood, they can be appealing to employees. Having employees who are emotionally move with the values gives them a sense of purpose greater than corporate goals, and feeds longevity because employees are bought in to the corporate values rather than a personality.4. globalisation detaches the company from a single specific society. The global markets require purpose and vision that goes beyond a single company or societal group. This is positive because it feeds innovation and cultural sensitivity to the markets the company serves.

Pelts computerized sales and inventory system Essay

Pelts Corporation is a union that sells clothes for men, women, and children. They in addition harbour a wide variety of fashion accessories they as well as countenance shoes, bags and eyewear. The company has two branches here in Bacolod, peerless is located in Lacson St. control B.S. Aquino drive and the other is inside the Robinsons Mall Bacolod. The Pelts Corporation is appease using the antiquated softwargon that is similar to the Fox professional MS Dos with barcode feature. That is wherefore we came to a point to propose a new corpse that fanny help make their work easier and efficient. We want to change their Physical estimate Inventory System to a Computerized Sales & Inventory System for easier and agile workflow, and flush toilet help amend their work like their growth as a company.Purpose & DescriptionPelts Computerized Sales & Inventory System has the hobby features The Sales System this where the main transactions like the sales through and through cash, character reference separate, Pelts Cards & check payments are being record. This system also helps them know the real-time transactions and helps them monitor their income if there is growth in the business.The Inventory System is the one tracking the incoming and outgoing stocks and the recorded and real-time stocks of the Company. Our team decided to combine the two separate systems into one for them to track real-time deficiency on both the sales and the pedigree of their stocks.General ObjectiveThe General Objective of this proposal is to improve the animate system of Pelts Corporation through a computerized Sales & Inventory System.specifically this proposal is to address the followingTo develop a database that focuses on transcription all units & items delivered to the company which is part of the Inventory System. To improve their FoxPro MS Dos software to a Visual Basic Software. To improve their archival system since both sales and inventory system are combined and is computerized there will be less paper kit and caboodle and hard copy of the files can be minimized in the storage warehouse facility.Scope & LimitationThe proposed system will allow access that exclusively authorized personnel can use thus it will have a Login feature for security. The system can generate a accounting to the files and records on the specific data and categories they require. The Computerized Sales and Inventory system can access the current rates, the cash and debit cards sales, credit cards and check charge, gift check conditional, payments, returns and memo. It can also access the hoggish sales total of the old and new brands.The Pelts Computerized Sales and Inventory system will update every year. The update will separate the old and the new records to avoid the files to overlap with one another.LimitationsThe system will also have minor limitations one of them is the storehouse of records that the system can oversee a maximum of 50,000 data that can be st ored and accessed since we use the Microsoft status Access to store the data.The second is the system can inventory the credit line transactions but we cannot store it in the records since there is a different system that handles the recording in the condition of the mode of payment.

Nationalism And Sectionalism Essay

The Era of Good Feeling The Effects and Consequences of Nationalism and provincialism In 1815, shortly before the start of James Monroes governance and later the War of 1812, a historical head known as the Era of Good Feeling commenced in America. However, though the name of this historic period alone insinuated a time of unity and prosperity within the nation, localism became an unequivocal dilemma that seeped through the governments try ons in promoting subject areaism, and in conclusion dissever the body politic. The Era of Good Feeling was a time where entirely one political party reigned, sense of unity prevailed, and national compliment was evident within the citizens. This postwar nationalism fueled the dry land to work towards a common goal, and even encouraged design of traditions that would be passed down generations.The McCulloch v. Maryland case in 1819 exhibits governments attempt in putting up a unified front to come on promote nationalism. In this case, the Congress agent is questioned when the ruling prevented states from outlawing or impose the national bank, as Maryland tried to do. The document states, The power of the oecumenic government, it has been said, are delegated by the states, who alone are truly sovereign ( muniment 4). However, the consequent of the case besides came to show that the federal government had more power compared to the state government, and thus portrayed a stronger, unified system. In Document 3, people are portrayed to be celebrating Independence Day on the fourth of July within the same year of the case. This depicts the effect that national preen had, bringing together multiple races, genders, social classes, and age groups to celebrate the countrys independence. Furthermore, this era also brought forth a fundamental period in America knownas the Industrial Revolution. This introduced market rescue to the population and transitioned America to manufacturing processes that brought economic b enefits to the north. Market economy not only changed the way people worked, still also the way they lived, as it divided labor, based work in factories, and opened new markets like the American Fur Company. Due to the prior Embargo Act, merchants also invested in national local manufacturing, and thus allowed for the rapid development of urban districts and increase in population. It brought wealth to the wedlocks marketbased economy but contradicted with the southwests focus on an agricultural economy that depended on slaves.One of the most significant developments within the country was introduced shortly after the War of 1812, by politician Henry Clay, as the American System. The designing promoted a system in which the South was seen to be the producer of stark(a) goods, North for the manufacturing, while the West as the breadbasket of the country. It consisted of three move the development of canals, road systems and railroads, creation of a protective tariff, and the re instating of the Bank of U.S..The North prospered from the creation of the tariff as it helped develop the manufacturing economy. The West, on the other hand, benefitted from the creation of road and canal system, a plan supported by can C. Calhoun, in order to prevent disunion within the rapidly growing country, (Document 2). These developments in transportation allowed for easier distribution of goods, thus benefitting them as well. However, the protective tariff prevented the Souths economy from growing, thus leading to an evident economic bed cover between the North and the South, as the formers economy started to big H due to the increase in manufacturing.

The Kite Runner Chapter Review (Narrative Aspects) Chapter 1

The Kite Runner Chapter analyze of Narrative Aspects Chapter 1 It is December 2001, and our narrator, recalls an event that occurred in 1975, when he was 12 historic period old and growing up in Afghanistan. He doesnt say what fleeted, but says it made him who he is. He follows this recollection by telling us ab love on a call he accredited last summer from a friend in Pakistan, Rahim Khan. Rahim Khan asks Amir, to arrange to Pakistan to see him. When Amir gets off the phone, he takes a walk finished San Francisco, where he lives now.He notices kites flying, and thinks of his past, including his friend Hassan. Narrative aspects Narrative voice 1st somebody narrative, I became what I am today Amir tells us a story astir(predicate) his past, and what he remembers, from his point of view. Indirect speech, I model ab emerge something Rahim Khan said. There is a way to be good again. it doesnt let the endorser make a kinship with the other character, as this chapter is all around Amir.Setting Introduces the alley almost square(p) away, I have been peeking into that deserted alley for the last twenty-six eld it gives us a mysterious setting, and the alley becomes a key image of misdeeds in the novel. Talks about where he is while telling the story, analogous a pair of eyes looking down on San Francisco. gives us a brief idea of where he is and wants us to find out why he is there, as it also talks about Afghanistan and Pakistan.Structure the repeat of kites, saw a pair of kites, red with long blue tails, slide in the sky. opposite number kites. signifi put upt because it sticks in a readers brain as they try to work out how the kites may be signifi lavt in the rest of the novel. Which they find out they are. Also double kites can refer to Hassan and Amir, as they are brothers and the last kite they ran unitedly made their friendship fall apart. Non- linear, it talks about different points of his manner in a very short amount of time, b ecause he is ooking canward on his flavor as well as telling the reader what is oversteping in his life while he is telling the story. stress Monologue, speaks in broken language, almost equivalent in his vox populis he cant put in words what he is thinking and what he remembers, I looked up at those twin kites. I thought about Hassan. Thought about Baba. Ali. Kabul. - it gives the reader an impression that there is a propagate to find out about Amir. Retrospective Narrative, he is looking patronize on his past, and the opening chapter makes us curious about what will happen next.The Kite Runner Chapter look into (Narrative Aspects) Chapter 1The Kite Runner Chapter Review of Narrative Aspects Chapter 1 It is December 2001, and our narrator, recalls an event that occurred in 1975, when he was cardinal years old and growing up in Afghanistan. He doesnt say what happened, but says it made him who he is. He follows this recollection by telling us about a call he certain last summer from a friend in Pakistan, Rahim Khan. Rahim Khan asks Amir, to come to Pakistan to see him. When Amir gets off the phone, he takes a walk by means of San Francisco, where he lives now.He notices kites flying, and thinks of his past, including his friend Hassan. Narrative aspects Narrative voice 1st person narrative, I became what I am today Amir tells us a story about his past, and what he remembers, from his point of view. Indirect speech, I thought about something Rahim Khan said. There is a way to be good again. it doesnt let the reader make a kin with the other character, as this chapter is all about Amir.Setting Introduces the alley almost slap-up away, I have been peeking into that deserted alley for the last twenty-six years it gives us a mysterious setting, and the alley becomes a key attribute of misdeeds in the novel. Talks about where he is while telling the story, like a pair of eyes looking down on San Francisco. gives us a brief idea of where he is and wants us to find out why he is there, as it also talks about Afghanistan and Pakistan.Structure the repeat of kites, saw a pair of kites, red with long blue tails, uprise in the sky. twin kites. significant because it sticks in a readers brain as they try to work out how the kites may be significant in the rest of the novel. Which they find out they are. Also twin kites can refer to Hassan and Amir, as they are brothers and the last kite they ran together made their friendship fall apart. Non- linear, it talks about different points of his life in a very short amount of time, because he is ooking vertebral column on his life as well as telling the reader what is happening in his life while he is telling the story. figure of speech Monologue, speaks in broken language, almost like in his thoughts he cant put in words what he is thinking and what he remembers, I looked up at those twin kites. I thought about Hassan. Thought about Baba. Ali. Kabul. - it gives the reader an i mpression that there is a clustering to find out about Amir. Retrospective Narrative, he is looking back on his past, and the opening chapter makes us curious about what will happen next.